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How to make Adverbs in Korean easy.
Adverbs in Korean
부사
Korean adverbs (부사) are used to describe both a verb or an adjective. They operate pretty much the same as adverbs do in English and many other languages. Let's see how to easily make Korean Adverbs.
There are three ways to create an adverb in Korean.
-히
This is used to turn an adjective into an adverb. "히" is added to adjectives that end in "-하다".
Take the ending "-하다" and replace it with "히".
Example: 대단하다 (adjective - to be great)
Changes to 대단히 (greatly)
오늘 대단히 즐거웠어요.
I greatly enjoyed our time today.
However not all adjectives use "히" , if the adjective ends (batching) with the consonant "ㅅ" then you can simply put "ㅣ" instead of "히".
Example: 깨끗하다 (to be clean)
changes to 깨끗이 (cleanly)
솔직히 - honestly, frankly
열심히 - zealously
완전히 - completely
천천히 - slowly
끔끔히 - carefully
-게
With "-게" you can also turn an adjective into an adverb. You will keep the stem and drop the "다" portion of the word.
Example: 크다 (adjective) big
Changes to 크게 = in a big manner.
Some Korean adjectives that end in "하다" can be changed to either "히, ㅣ , 게". You will have to memorize these.
Examples:
분명하다 - 분명히
깨끗하다 - 깨끗이
건조하다 - 건조하게
나쁘게 - badly
늦게 - late
무례하게 - rudely
바쁘게 - busily
안전하게 - safely
-으로
When used with an adjective you can create an adverb. -으로 adverbs translate to "in some way, or manner." It is used with adjectives that end with "-적".
You do not need to remove "적" simply add "-으로" to the end of the word.
Example: 일반적 = general
Changes to 일반적으로 = generally
일반적으로 말하면…
Generally speaking...
열정적으로 - enthusiastically
전적으로 - completely
의도적으로 - intentionally
본능적으로 - instinctively
상대적으로 - relatively
Adverbs of Frequency
빈도 부사
For these words you will need to just memorize them as many of them do not follow the above mentioned rules.
Korean adverbs of frequency can be used in different locations in a sentence but they must come before the verb.
Example:
I always drink milk.
저는 우유를 항상 마셔요.
저는 항상 우유를 마셔요.
항상 저는 우유를 마셔요.
This also goes for verbs that end in 하다.
The 하다 verbs can be split between the noun and 하다 placing the adverb in between. For example the word exercise is 운동하다. The noun 운동 (exercise) and the verb 하다 (to do).
I always exercise.
저는 항상 운동해요.
저는 운동을 항상 해요.
In the second example 항상 the adverb, appears after the noun "exercise" 운동 followed by the object marking particle "을". (을/를)
Some adverbs of frequency contain "안".
Such as 거의 안 (rarely).
The sentence structure then must follow this pattern: Noun(을/를) + 거의 안 + Verb
저는 우유를 거의 안 마셔요. - I rarely drink milk.
저는 운동을 거의 안 해요. - I rarely exercise.
always 항상 always 언제나
all the time 내내
daily 나날이
daily 일일
usually, normally 보통
frequently, often 자주
occasionally 가끔
sometimes 때때로
seldom 좀처럼
never 결코
annually 매년
soon, instantly 곧
eventually 결국
hourly 매 시
nightly 밤마다
weekly 주간
monthly 매월
yearly 매년
already 이미 already 벌써
at long last 드디어
before 전에
earlier 앞선
early 일찍
finally 마침네
lately 최근에
previously 이전에
recently 최근에
still 아직도
yet 아직
generally 일반적으로
periodic 주기적
regularly 주기적으로
chronically 고질적으로
rarely, sparsely 드물게
Adverbs of Time
Now 지금
이제 = Now
그때 = Then
오늘 = Today
내일 =Tomorrow
오늘밤 = Tonight
어제 = Yesterday
기후 = Afterwards
나중에 = Later
Korean Adverbs of Degree – 정도부사
아주, 매우 = very
완전히 = perfectly
단순히 = simply
엄청 = enormously
불과 = only
절대로 = Absolutely, completely
정말(로) / 진짜(로) / 참(으로) = really
특히 = in particular
상당히 = fairly
Korean Adverbs of Manner – 양태부사
좋게 = well
나쁘게 = badly
귀엽게 = cutely
아름답게 = beautifully
비싸게 = expensively
맛있게 = deliciously
크게 = largely
길게 = lengthily
짧게 = shortly
넓게 = widely
작게 = little
To learn more about Adverbs in Korean, check out one of my favorite online courses from Go Billy Korean. Billy's online courses, and material are my absolute favorite.